The application of the hottest green manufacturing

Application of green manufacturing technology in household electrical appliances (Part 2)

3 application of green manufacturing technology in household electrical appliances

3.1 establish an environmental protection system and carry out green awareness education

famous household electrical appliance enterprises have basically established ISO14001 environmental protection system, and are committed to integrating with ISO9001, which is convenient for evaluating environmental impact in carrying out various activities at the same time. By establishing an environmental protection system, enterprise employees can correctly identify and reasonably deal with environmental problems associated with the whole process of product life cycle, and institutionalize and inertia this mode of thinking and behavior of environmental control. For example, Panasonic electrician Wanbao electric appliance is an enterprise that has passed the ISO14001 and ISO9001 integrated certification. According to its green strategy of "becoming a world-class green factory producing green products", it has formulated its environmental policy: "integrate environmental protection and prevention of environmental pollution into the company's business activities, promise to abide by relevant environmental laws, regulations and other requirements, and establish a factory that" treats the environment well ", Seek symbiosis with the earth's environment, demanders and regional society, so as to realize the sustainable development of factories and society. All staff are fully aware of the society that protects the environment, actively promote environmental protection activities and reduce environmental pollution. In order to carry out environmental awareness education for employees, the company also formulated the principles that should be observed in daily business activities:

① according to the requirements of ISO14001, establish, implement and continuously improve the environmental management system, and regularly review the system to ensure the effective implementation of the system

② independently set environmental goals and protect the environment in all activities of the enterprise

③ control or reduce the use and emission of substances with large negative effects on the environment in the stage of commodity development and manufacturing, and promote pollution prevention. In the process of commodity development, manufacturing and disposal, effective utilization and recycling of resources should be considered to reduce losses. Strengthen the management of solid waste and reduce the impact of sewage, smoke and noise on the environment. Carry out energy conservation and consumption reduction activities and make rational use of energy resources

④ improve the environmental awareness of all employees through education and training, strengthen the exchange of environmental information with suppliers, make them understand and support the company's environmental principles, and jointly promote environmental protection

3.2 green design

the design stage is the source of the product life cycle, and controlling environmental elements from the source is undoubtedly the most effective method. Doing a good job in green design means controlling the minimization of waste or pollution prevention from the source, especially almost determining the direction of other processes after product design. Therefore, green design is the core of green manufacturing technology. At present, the main contents of green design in household appliance enterprises include: the understanding will be deepened constantly

① determine the green design principles

a. select green materials and parts for design. Drive the stretching attachments (or tight and zigzag attachments) to move up and down

identify all raw materials and parts that make up the product one by one to ensure that they do not contain harmful substances, such as lead in the PVC insulation sheath of the Strider source line, PBDE and PBB in the plastic, cfc-11/12 in the refrigerant of the refrigerator, and chrome plated parts. Packaging materials should be non-toxic, pollution-free, renewable and degradable

b. select green process and equipment, and specify the realization mode of parts or products

for example, lead-free welding process is adopted for the welding of circuit boards [2]; Rapid prototyping technology can be used for prototype verification, and rapid tooling technology can also be used when applicable [3]; The plastic mold can be processed by dry process, and the cutting tool or cavity adopts PVD coating process; Choose equipment with low energy consumption, low noise, low radiation and no leakage

c. optimization design of energy saving, water saving and material saving

make full use of the existing analysis software to carry out process simulation analysis, such as thermal dynamic analysis, injection molding analysis, physical property analysis, and optimize the scheme of multivariable and multi-objective design

d. material identification

mark the name of the material on the parts, mark the mark of recyclable ring on the package, etc., which is convenient for classification, recycling and reuse, and make the waste resource

e. DFAD, design for assembly and disassembly

virtual manufacturing technology based on computer address technology, network technology and concurrent engineering is an effective means to realize assembly and disassembly design [4]. Different departments involved in the design determine the simplest assembly route and the most economical disassembly method through virtual assembly and virtual disassembly. The purpose is to improve production efficiency, facilitate maintenance and recycle at the minimum cost, especially to meet the statutory re commercialization rate

② determine the evaluation index of green design:

a. energy saving and water saving certification

b. re commoditization rate (according to product quality)

currently, Japan temporarily stipulates the re commoditization rate of refrigerators and washing machines (50%), televisions (55%) and air conditioners (60%); The EU requires that the recovery rate and reuse rate of large and small household appliances reach 80%. Therefore, the re commercialization rate of products should be designed according to different sales places. If it is sold to many countries or regions at the same time, of course, the highest index should be taken as the design goal

③ product green ranking

it is a way to express the green degree of products. It is mainly through the third party using random sampling method, and the customers quantitatively score the energy consumption, beauty, safety, health, warning, applicable performance, acceptable cost performance, enterprise re commercialization rate, self declaration and other contents of similar products in the same industry. The third party will conduct a comprehensive analysis of the results of marriage selection combined with the public environment report, Announce the ranking (priority) conclusion to the society (do not give qualitative conclusions such as good, bad or qualified and whether to occupy a seat in the future market competition). Because this ranking is often affected by the source of sampled customers, its authority is often questioned, but it can be used as a reference for customers to choose products. Therefore, it is also an embodiment of customers' satisfaction with enterprise products and an input for enterprises to make green improvement

3.3 green manufacturing, also known as cleaner production

mainly includes:

① provide a pleasant working environment, which is conducive to the physical and mental health of employees; Doing a good job of 5S in the factory is conducive to improving work efficiency and product quality and reducing the occurrence of safety accidents

② build a green supply chain. Focus on green procurement, selection of green supply subcontractors, transportation loss control, inventory and recycling of packaging materials

③ modern logistics management based on ERP. The focus is on the reorganization of logistics business, rational allocation and optimization of capital flow, material flow and information flow

④ process according to the green process and equipment determined in the design, and focus on controlling the production of waste water, waste gas, waste residue, dust and solid waste (defective rate) in the processing process, controlling noise and preventing radiation

3.4 recycling and disposal

the processing link of household appliances is the inspection of green design and green products. After the inspection results are fed back to the manufacturing enterprises, it is beneficial for the enterprises to further improve and perfect the green design; The recycling plant is also an enterprise. It should also apply green disposal technology to avoid secondary pollution to the environment

due to the impact of recycling costs, it is impossible for general household appliance enterprises to build their own processing plants independently, and most of them establish regional recycling plants in the form of alliance or full socialization among large household appliance enterprises

at present, the recycling in Japan and Europe has a long service life, and most of the treatment plants have applied sorting technologies such as centrifugation and magnetic adsorption. The basic principles of recycling and treatment are: electrical products with use value are sold as second-hand electrical appliances after replacement of parts or maintenance. Electrical products with no use value must first be manually disassembled or disassembled. Reusable parts and components should be recycled, and unusable parts and components should be recycled according to material classification. Hazardous substances should be treated by special processes, and other mixtures should be broken and automatically sorted, The residue is incinerated and converted into heat energy for utilization or sent to the landfill plant

4 Conclusion

green manufacturing technology is an important content of sustainable development theory. It is a comprehensive reflection of product standards, environmental regulations, customer needs, product services, trade risks, eco industry, safety and health, and industry competition. It is receiving widespread attention from home appliance manufacturing industry. When we apply green manufacturing technology, we must correctly evaluate the role of environmental factors and do a good job in the analysis between the application, research and economy of green technology. One of the most effective ways is to collect the information of green technology, such as green process, green equipment, green materials, green supply chain, recycling technology, etc., establish a green information base and a green design database, select the green manufacturing mode suitable for the development of the enterprise, and standardize it

source: simple design